Optimizing Route Selection for Inter-Island CPO Pipeline
A Corridor Study from Riau to Selangor via the Strait of Malacca
Keywords:
Route Selection, Pipeline, Corridor Planning, CPO, Selat MalakaAbstract
Route selection is the most critical stage in pipeline system planning, particularly for cross-border subsea installations. This study examines the optimization of a crude palm oil (CPO) pipeline route from Riau to Selangor via the Strait of Malacca using a corridor-based route planning approach. The methodology includes a comparative analysis of several alternative alignments and a multi-criteria evaluation covering technical, economic, environmental, and operational aspects. The study also references global pipeline projects such as the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System and the Druzhba Pipeline as benchmarks. The results indicate that the shortest route is not always optimal, and that a corridor-based approach can produce routes with lower risk and better long-term cost efficiency.
Downloads
References
W. B. Gunawan, "Elucidating Indonesia’s palm oil supply chain trends: A bibliometric approach," J. Sustain. Soc. Eco-Welf., vol. 3, no. 1, 2025, doi: 10.61511/jssew.v3i1.2025.1852.
M. Khalid, A. Nawaz, I. Wakil, and J. Kanwal, "Security challenges and risks in the Strait of Malacca: A critical analysis," J. Soc. Organ. Matters, vol. 4, no. 2, 2025, doi: 10.56976/jsom.v4i2.256.
E. S. Menon, Pipeline Planning and Construction Field Manual, 2015.
International Energy Agency (IEA), Energy Transport Systems and Efficiency, 2021.
A. Skretas, S. Gyftakis, and E. Marcoulaki, "A demonstration of sustainable pipeline routing optimization using detailed financial and environmental assessment," J. Clean. Prod., vol. 368, p. 132305, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.132305.
I. A. Hamid-Mosaku, O. F. Oguntade, V. Ifeanyi, A. Balogun, and O. A. Jimoh, "Evolving a comprehensive geomatics multi-criteria evaluation index model for optimal pipeline route selection," Struct. Infrastruct. Eng., vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 1382–1396, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15732479.2020.1712435.
N. Makrakis, P. Psarropoulos, and Y. Tsompanakis, "GIS-based optimal route selection of submarine cables considering potential seismic fault zones," Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 5, p. 2995, 2023, doi: 10.3390/app13052995.
M. Dehdarinejad, M. Behbahani-Nejad, and E. Hajidavalloo, "Experimental and numerical investigation of heat loss in transition modes of buried hot fuel oil pipeline," Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part C J. Mech. Eng. Sci., vol. 235, no. 21, pp. 6567–6576, 2021, doi: 10.1177/09544062211000794.
H. Zhu, J. Chen, Y. Lin, J. Guo, X. Gao, Y. Chen, Y. Ge, and W. Wang, "In-line inspection (ILI) techniques for subsea pipelines: State-of-the-art," J. Mar. Sci. Eng., vol. 12, no. 3, p. 417, 2024, doi: 10.3390/jmse12030417.
C. Dong, J. Jiang, B. Ye, Z. Sun, Y. Zhang, and C. Xia, "Comparative life cycle assessment of CO2 onshore transport in China: Pipeline or tanker truck?," J. CO2 Util., vol. 92, p. 103057, 2025, doi: 10.1016/j.jcou.2025.103057.
K. Hu, C. Zhang, R. Zhou, and F. Gao, "A research for the safety influence of dropping anchor on the submarine pipeline," IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Environ. Sci., vol. 621, no. 1, p. 012075, 2021, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/621/1/012075.
K. Hu, X. Bai, and M. Vaz, "Numerical simulation on the local scour processing and influencing factors of submarine pipeline," J. Mar. Sci. Eng., vol. 11, no. 1, p. 234, 2023, doi: 10.3390/jmse11010234.
S. Rui, H. Zhang, H. Xu, X. Zha, M. Xu, and K. Shen, "Seabed structures and foundations related to deep-sea resource development: A review based on design and research," Deep Undergr. Sci. Eng., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1–25, 2023, doi: 10.1002/dug2.12042.
S. Rushd, H. Ferroudji, H. Yousuf, T. Walker, A. Basu, and T. Sen, "Applications of drag reducers for the pipeline transportation of heavy crude oils: A critical review and future research directions," Can. J. Chem. Eng., vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 1604–1633, 2024, doi: 10.1002/cjce.25023.
K. J. Kere and Q. Huang, "An analytical approach to evaluate life-cycle cost of deteriorating pipelines," Reliab. Eng. Syst. Saf., vol. 250, p. 110287, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2024.110287.
B. Wang, J. Klemeš, X. Yu, R. Qiu, J. Zheng, Y. Lin, and B. Zhu, "Planning of a flexible refined products transportation network in response to emergencies," J. Pipeline Sci. Eng., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 468–475, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jpse.2021.12.004.
[57] L. Zhao, T. Li, B. Cong, B. Wang, K. Liu, and S. Liu, "Marine biodiversity conservation planning in the Indo-Pacific convergence zone based on ecological spatial analysis," Biology, vol. 14, no. 6, p. 700, 2025, doi: 10.3390/biology14060700.















